N°
11/2019
Editura Universității de Vest, Timişoara
La stori(ografi)a della traduzione:
tra il reale e il virtuale
Responsabili del numero: Georgiana Lungu-Badea, Neli Ileana Eiben
http://www.translationes.uvt.ro/
Nel contesto dell’evoluzione tecnologica, dell’informatizzazione globale
e della «democratizzazione» delle risorse elettroniche, la rivista Translationes
si orienta, oltre alla tradizionale presa in esame della storia e storiografia
della traduzione, verso la ricerca dell’impatto avuto dalla digitalizzazione
sulla ricerca traduttologica, a partire dall’avvento delle piattaforme
dinamiche online e dalle possibilità offerte dall’interconnessione. Gli
articoli proposti in questo numero adottano un approccio descrittivo sfruttando
le risorse virtuali e tradizionali. Grazie a tale prospettiva incorporante e
allo stesso tempo innovativa, vengono ottimizzati non solo il tempo e l’impegno
dedicati alla ricerca, ma anche l’insegnamento delle discipline di storia e
storiografia della traduzione.
Sommario
Introduzione
Tema
La stori(ografi)a della traduzione: tra
il reale e il virtuale / 8
1. Pratica, didattica e
critica della traduzione
o
Bruno OSIMO/ Per una concezione
lotmaniana della storia della traduzione / 11
o
Alessandra R. Oliveira HARDEN/ Translation
history and scientific development: enlightened knowledge in Portuguese / 23
o
Georgiana I. BADEA, Loredana PUNGĂ,
Flavia MICOTA/ The ITRO/ ROHIST Project: Digitalizing Romanian History and
Histriography of Translation itro.info.uvt.ro / 42
o
Jenő FARKAS/ L’histoire des
traductions en hongrois de Tartuffe et de Ainsi va l’carnaval /
58
o
Muguraş CONSTANTINESCU/ Sur
l’évolution des topoï traductifs dans le paratexte des textes traduits /
75
o
Alina PELEA/ Donner à voir :
explorer et exploiter les images en histoire de l’interprétation / 92
o
Ioana-Simina FRÎNCU/ L’impact du
processus de la numérisation sur l’histoire de la traduction. Regard sur les
possibilités et les défis induits par la numérisation dans ce domaine en
Roumanie / 108
o
Dalibor KESIC/ Diachronic Reevaluation
of Translation Procedures / 125
2.
Interviste
Entretien avec Ana Rossi, Sur la poésie bilingue
et autotraduite, Propos recueillis par Georgiana I. Badea/ 141
3.
Traduzioni inedite
o Ch. I. Suliotis, Prefacia , Homer, Iliada, 1876/
Ch. I. Suliotis, Prefácio à Ilíada de Homero/ 148
o Manuel Odorico Mendes, Prologo, Homero, Iliada,
1863/ Manuel Odorico Mendes, Prolog/ 152
4.
Recensioni
o
Michel Ballard, Antiquité et traduction. De l’Égypte ancienne
à Jérôme (Georgiana I. Badea)/159
o Lieven D’hulst, Mickaël Mariaule et Corinne
Wecksteen-Quinio (études réunies par), Au Coeur de la traductologie, Hommage
à Michel Ballard (Neli Ileana Eiben)/ 162
o Fabio Regattin, Traduction et évolution culturelle
(Neli Ileana Eiben)/ 164
o
Lavinia Suciu, În căutarea sensului. De la analiza discursului
la designul comunicării (Ruxandra-Jeanina Filip (Indreș))/ 166
5.
Note bio-bibliografiche
Abstracts
1.
Per una concezione lotmaniana della storia della
Bruno OSIMO
o Riassunto: Lotman non si è mai occupato di
traduzione in senso stretto (traduzione verbale interlinguistica), ma ha usato
intensamente il concetto di «traduzione» in senso più esteso per
spiegare cos’è una cultura e come funziona. Benché il suo interesse non
fosse quello di dare un contributo alla scienza della traduzione, ma di creare
la semiotica della cultura nell’àmbito della Scuola semiotica di
Tartu-Mosca, è possibile ribaltare il quadro e domandarsi se il
contributo che Lotman non ha dato alla scienza della traduzione può tuttavia
essere usato in virtù del fatto che Lotman lo considera un
concetto-chiave per la definizione stessa di «cultura». Ossia, è
possibile rifondare la storia della traduzione abbandonando il concetto desueto
di «equivalenza» e impiegando invece la concezione asimmetrica culturocentrica
di sistema semiosferico di Lotman?
o Parole chiave: storia della traduzione, concezione lotmaniana
della traduzione, dialogo, assimetria, bias cognitivi
o Abstract: Lotman has never dealt with translation in the
strict sense of the word (interlingual verbal translation), but he has
intensively used the concept of "translation" in a broader sense to
explain what a culture is and how it works. Although his interest was not to
make a contribution to the science of translation, but to create the semiotics
of culture in the ambit of the Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School, it is however
possible to ask whether the contribution that Lotman did not give to the
science of translation can be used by virtue of the fact that he considers it a
key concept for the very definition of "culture". That is, could it
be possible to rewrite the history of translation by abandoning the obsolete
concept of "equivalence" and instead employing the culturocentric
asymmetric conception of Lotman's semiospherical system?
o Keywords: translation history, Lotman’s perspective on
translation, dialogue, asymmetry, cognitive bias
2.
Translation history and scientific development: enlightened
knowledge in Portuguese
Alessandra R. Oliveira HARDEN
o Abstract: This article aims to bring to the attention of
Translation Studies scholars and Translation historians outside Brazil a
specific phenomenon in the historiography of translation into Portuguese. The
focus rests on the scientific translation boom which took place in Portugal
between 1799 and 1808, in a movement of books and knowledge which molded
Enlightenment in the Portuguese Empire. In that context, a group of translators
born in Brazil played a decisive role while working for the Tipographia Casa
do Arco do Cego, run by Friar José Mariano da Conceição
Veloso, a publishing house known for its publications on enlightened science.
o Keywords: Translation history, Enlightenment,
Portuguese, Casa do Arco do Cego, Brazilian translators
o Zusammenfassung: Das Ziel dieses Artikel ist es, die
Aufmerksamkeit von Forschern im Bereich der Übersetzungswissenschaften und der
Geschichte der Übersetzung außerhalb Brasiliens auf ein spezifisches Phänomen
in der Historiographie der Übersetzungen ins Portugiesische zu lenken. Der
Schwerpunkt liegt dabei in dem in Portugal zwischen 1799 und 1808
stattfindenden “Übersetzungsboom” von wissenschaftlicher Literatur. Durch
Letzteren wurde die Entwicklung der Aufklärung im gesamten portugiesischen
Imperium entscheidend beeinflusst. Im Kontext dieses Prozesses spielte eine
Gruppe von Übersetzern brasilianischer Herkunft eine enorm wichtige Rolle, da
sie für die Tipographia Casa do Arco do Cego, deren Reputation vor allem
auf der Veröffentlichung von wissenschaftlicher Literatur der Aufklärung
basierte, unter der Leitung von Friar José Mariano da Conceição Veloso
arbeitete.
o
Schlüsselwörter: Geschichte der Übersetzung, Aufklärung, Portugiesisch, Casa do
Arco do Cego, brasilianische Übersetzer
3. The ITRO/ ROHIST Project: Digitalizing Romanian
History and Histriography of Translation itro.info.uvt.ro
Georgiana
I. BADEA, Loredana PUNGĂ, Flavia MICOTA
o
Abstract: Building on the
rapidly increasing necessity to make information available in electronic,
searchable format in all walks of life, the ITRO/ ROHIST project, coordinated
by the ISTTRAROM-Translationes research centre, seeks to collect and digitize
information on the history and historiography of Romanian translation, in order
to offer researchers and the general public access to valuable information in
these areas. It also aims to shed light on the role and place of Romanian
translation history and historiography on the international stage. This article
presents what has been achieved so far in the project (regarding the content of
the database and the technical aspects behind its setting up) and speaks about short
and long-term plans to carry it on.
o
Keywords: digitization, digital
humanities, ITRO/ ROHIST project, Romanian translation history, Romanian
translation historiography
o
Résumé : Dans cet article,
notre attention se portera sur les efforts de numériser la recherche en
histoire et historiographie de la traduction roumaine. Le projet ITRO/HISTRO
(Histoire de la traduction roumaine) part d’un constat évident : la nécessité
croissante de numériser qui touche le monde dans son ensemble, y compris les
sciences humaines et sociales. L’objectif fondamental du projet est d’appliquer
les nouvelles technologies d’analyse et de publication de données à
l’histoire et à l’historiographie de la traduction roumaine afin que les
documents numérisés soient accessibles à toute personne susceptible de
s’y intéresser. Signaler la recherche roumaine dans ce domaine et lui rendre un
rang au niveau international est précisément la mission du projet dirigé par le
Centre d’études ISTTRAROM-Translationes. Cet article décrit l’actuel état des
lieux de la numérisation dans ce domaine et envisage ses possibles retombées.
o
Mots-clés : numérisation,
humanités numériques, projet ITRO/HISTRO, histoire de la traduction roumaine,
historiographie de la traduction roumaine
4.
L’histoire des traductions en hongrois de Tartuffe et de Ainsi va
l’carnaval
Jenő
FARKAS
o Résumé : S’appuyant sur un corpus de traductions
successives des comédies de Molière et de Caragiale, cet article
s’attache à démontrer que les traductions / adaptations modernes sortent
des canons trop étroits de la traductologie actuelle, ancrée dans des théorisations
de plus en plus abstraites. La pratique traductive théâtrale dépasse largement le
cadre théorique et englobe – peut-être mieux que d’autres formes de
traduction littéraire – les nouveaux acquis de la réception culturelle
contemporaine. Qu’on le veuille ou non, le spectateur / consommateur actuel
exige des adaptations renouvelées des anciens auteurs. Si l’on veut que le
théâtre perdure dans ce nouveau millénaire, il faut comprendre la nécessité de
revisiter courageusement les grands auteurs de la dramaturgie universelle.
o Mots-clés : traduction, adaptation, interprétation,
histoire des traductions.
o Abstract: Starting from a corpus of successive
translations of Moliere's and Caragiale's comedies, our aim in this article is
to demonstrate that modern translations / adaptations disregard the canons of
present day translatology, inclined towards more and more abstract theoretical
approaches. Translation practice in the area of theatre goes beyond theory and contains
- maybe better than other forms of literary translation - the new acquisitions
of contemporary cultural reception. Willingly or not, today's
spectator/consumer asks for the renewed adaptation of past authors. If the
conservation of theatre in the new millennium as at stake, one should also
understand the necessity of daringly reinventing the wellknown world
playwrights.
o Keywords: translation, adaptation, interpretation, history
of translation.
5.
Sur l’évolution des topoï traductifs dans le paratexte des
textes traduits
Muguraş
CONSTANTINESCU
o Résumé : Nous proposons dans le présent article de
faire une incursion dans l’histoire des paratextes des traductions, où
le terme paratexte est considéré dans son sens large, comprenant également le
péritexte et l’épitexte, tels que Genette les définit dans ses ouvrages, Palimpsestes
et Seuils. Notre incursion a pour but de poursuivre l’évolution des topoï
sur la traduction d’une époque à l’autre, d’une forme paratextuelle
à l’autre. Nous privilégierons dans notre corpus des paratextes servant
d’escorte à des oeuvres françaises traduites vers le roumain, sans
exclure pour autant des renvois à d’autres langues et cultures. Nous
focaliserons notre cartographie sur des traductions littéraires et
nonlittéraires du XIXe – XXIe siècles, à travers une diversité de
formes paratextuelles, allant de la dédicace et l’avertissement péritextuelles
jusqu’aux blogs et forums épitextuels.
o Mots-clés : topoï, traductions, histoire, paratexte,
évolution.
o Abstract: We propose in this article a foray into the
history of paratexts of translations where the term paratext is considered in
its broad sense, including also the peritext and epitext, as Genette defines
them in his works, Palimpsestes and Seuils. Our incursion aims to
continue the evolution of the topoï on translation from one era to
another, from one paratextual form to another. We will privilege in our corpus
paratexts serving as an escort for French works translated into Romanian,
without excluding referrals to other languages and cultures. We will focus our
cartography on literary and non-literary translations from the 19th - 21st
centuries, through a variety of paratextual forms, ranging from peritectual dedication
and warning, to blogs and epitaxial forums.
o Keywords: topoï, translations, history, paratext,
evolution.
6.
Donner à voir : explorer et exploiter les images en
histoire de l’interprétation
Alina PELEA
o Résumé : C’est peut-être trop dire qu’une image
vaut mille mots, mais nul ne saurait nier le potentiel informatif des
représentations visuelles. Considérant que l’histoire de la traduction aurait
elle aussi à gagner de leur utilisation, nous proposons une intervention
qui essaiera d’interroger ces ressources afin de projeter un éclairage
supplémentaire sur le statut de l’interprète et sur son évolution. Nous
analysons des ressources visuelles remontant aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
(des oeuvres d’art) et d’autres de 2018 (potentiellement plus
objectives) pour voir comment s’y reflètent, d’un côté, le statut des drogmans
de la Sublime Porte et, d’autre côté, celui des interprètes
d’aujourd’hui. En menant cette recherche, nous voulons réfléchir aussi à
la manière dont les nouvelles technologies peuvent contribuer à
l’étude de différents médias.
o Mots-clés : drogmans, interprètes, tableau,
photographie, visibilité, statut social.
o Abstract: It may be too much to say that a picture is
worth a thousand words, but no one can deny the informative potential of visual
representations. Considering that the history of translation would also benefit
from their use, we propose an intervention that will try to look at these
resources in order to shed additional light on the status of the interpreter
and its evolution. We analyze visual resources dating back to the 17th and 18th
centuries (works of art) and others from 2018 (potentially more objective) to
see how they reflect, on the one hand, the status of the dragomans of the
Sublime Porte and, on the other hand, that of today's interpreters. In
conducting this research, we also look at how new technologies can contribute
to the study of different media.
o Keywords: dragomans, interpreters, painting,
photography, visibility, social status.
7. L’impact du processus de la numérisation sur
l’histoire de la traduction. Regard sur les possibilités et les défis induits
par la numérisation dans ce domaine en Roumanie
Ioana-Simina
FRÎNCU
o Résumé: Dans le contexte de l’évolution numérique
à l’échelle mondiale, l’implémentation des plateformes dynamiques (en
ligne) semble s’imposer et faciliter ainsi l’accès aux documents rares
et/ou précieux. Insuffisamment exploitées car consultées par un public trop
restreint à l’heure actuelle, ces ressources font l’objet de la
numérisation, un concept qui s’avère d’une grande utilité à
l’activité de recherche axée sur l’histoire de la traduction et non seulement.
La numérisation est donc susceptible de rassembler un nombre plus grand de
lecteurs mais également de dénicher des directions de recherché multiples.
o Mots-clés: bibliothèque numérique, numérisation,
patrimoine culturel, conservation numérique, archives, ressources culturelles,
documents rares.
o Abstract: In the context of global digital evolution, the
implementation of dynamic (online) platforms seems to be essential in order to
facilitate the access to rare and/or valuable documents. Insufficiently
exploited as seen in the small number of requests, the digitization of these
resources is a concept of important value to research activities dealing with
the history of translation and not only. Consequently, digitization is likely
to bring together a larger number of readers but also to reveal multiple
directions of future research.
o Keywords: digital library, digitisation, cultural
heritage, digital conservation, archives, cultural resources, rare documents.
8. Diachronic Reevaluation of Translation Procedures
Dalibor KESIC
o Abstract: Today’s world has necessitated changes in almost
every aspect of our lives. Technological advancements have fundamentally
challenged the routines that many of us took for granted and did not observe as
transmutable. Was translation an exception? A principal idea behind writing
this paper is to take a step back and soar above every dynamic in order to get
an adequate vista over translation theorizing/theories and the actual decision
making in translation activity. The objective is not to offer solutions but rather
to involve in theory-based translation argumentation through the analysis and discussion
of commonly authentic translational files. Language has many functions and takes
varying forms depending on the situation in which it is used. Any attempt to
offer an in-depth analysis of the theory-practice boundary imposes the choice
of a language pair where the different aspects of translation can be explored
with ease and insight. The choice of English and Serbian as the relevant pair
hardly needs any justification with English being an international lingua
franca and Serbian being used in large swaths of the Balkan peninsula. Another
main motivation for writing this paper is to accommodate for the renewed and
booming interest in translation in the Balkan peninsula both at the practical and
academic levels.
o Keywords: theory, reevaluation, expressions, procedures,
English, Serbian
o Riassunto: Il mondo contemporaneo impone continue
trasformazioni a quasi ogni aspetto della nostra vita. Lo sviluppo della
tecnologia ha radicalmente messo in discussion molte consuetudini che tendevamo
a dare per scontate e a considerare immutabili. Ciò vale anche per la
pratica della traduzione? Questo contributo intende, come prima cosa, porsi nella
giusta prospettiva per offrire una significativa panoramica sui principi generali
e le teorie della traduzione, in rapporto con la prassi concreta del tradurre.
L’obiettivo non è quello di offrire soluzioni, ma di proporre una
riflessione sulla teoria della traduzione attraverso l’analisi e la discussione
di materiali autentici. Il linguaggio ha molte funzioni, e assume forme
variabili a seconda del contesto in cui è utilizzato. Ogni tentativo di
produrre una dettagliata analisi dei confini tra teoria e pratica impone la
scelta di almeno due lingue attraverso le quali poter compiutamente
approfondire i differenti aspetti del tradurre. La scelta dell’inglese e del
serbo come lingue di riferimento non ha bisogno di particolari spiegazioni,
essendo l’inglese un fondamentale strumento di comunicazione internazionale,
mentre il serbo è utilizzato in un’ampia parte della penisola balcanica.
Un altro importante obiettivo del presente lavoro è quello di dar conto
del rinnovato interesse per la traduzione, in forte espansione nella penisola
balcanica, tanto nella pratica quanto nella teoria.
o Parole chiave: rivalutazione, espressioni, procedure,
inglese, serbo.
Note bio-bibliografiche